12 th CLASS
1.4) Big Data – Big Insights
ICE
BREAKERS
Give business suggestions to the
respective industry/company for the following situation.
You
have received data that -
(a) Many passengers prefer morning flights between 7 am and 9 am
from Mumbai to Delhi.
Suggestion:
Increase the number of flights between 7 am and 9 am.
(b) Many students are opting for UPSC/MPSC Exams.
Suggestion:
Opens more librarries ,study centers for them to study
(c) Many people go for morning walk to Kamla Nehru Park.
Suggestion: support them with open jim , jogging track
(d) Many people buy clothes from miracle.com an online shopping
site.
Suggestion:
Increses variety and options / offers on
products.
(e) The viewership on television is more between 8 pm and 10 pm.
Suggestion:
People get information
from various sources: Can you name a few?
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TWITTER |
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SOURSES OF
INFORMATION |
WHATESAPP |
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GOOGLE |
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FACEBOOK |
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WIKIPEDIA |
Big Data –
Big Insights (ज्ञान दृष्टिकोण )
What is Big Data?
There is a revolution in the life style of people which has
been affected by Big Data. Our food habits, our health care, our
travelling, our scientific pursuits (शोध) ,
you name it and everything has changed 360 degrees. The massive data
available with us can really work wonders. Friends, do you know what
happens when we like a post on Facebook or share a post on WhatsApp, visit
any website, make online purchases, or watch videos? Yes, whatever
activity we do online is recorded, monitored (तपासणे
)and analysed. So a huge amount of data is collected. Let me
give you an idea of how huge the data might be
Big Data can be petabytes(units
of information equal to one thousand million) or
exabytes( units of information
equal to one quintillion)of data
consisting of
billions
to trillions of records of millions of people- all from different sources,
for example web, sales, customer contact centre, social media, mobile data
and so on.
The data available to
industries and companies is enormously(मोठ्याप्रमाणात
) increasing in volume, variation, velocity, veracity
and value. Such a
Big Data is easy to obtain but so massive that it challenges the current
computing technologies and hence Big Data analytics is used to give
insights that were previously incomprehensible.
Big Data analytics (विशलेशन)
is the complex process of examining large and varied data sets
or Big Data to uncover information- such as hidden patterns, unknown
correlations, market trends and customer preferences. With such a huge
data available with the industries they can have innumerable
advantages hence all the industries are trying to reap the maximum benefit (फायदा
काढणे ) from it. Many industries have advanced by miles from their competitors.
It’s not the amount of data that is important but what the organizations
do with the data is what matters.(कसं वापर करतात
)
Uses of Big Data
1. Location Tracking :
Big Data
has been useful in identifying and tracking the exact locationof a
place. Your GPS and Google Maps make use of Big Data. With geographic
positioning and radio frequency identification sensors we get the
real-time data about traffic, congestion on a particular route,
information if the route is closed or
if it is a one-way route, understanding accident prone areasetc. You can
plan your own route according to the travel time and the transportation of
goods. If you
have ordered something online you can track the location of your
goods in transit, you can also track the condition of the goods. This
has immensely helped the logistics companies to reduce risks in transport,
improve speed and reliability (विश्वसनीयता in delivery.
2. Understanding the Weather Patterns :
There are weather sensors and satellites
set-up all around the globe. Huge amount of data is continuously being
received from them. They help us to understand the weather and help
in weather forecasting(हवामान अंदाज). Weather
patterns give us warnings of the impending( about
to happen)natural calamities (great
and often sudden damages or distresses)like
floods, earthquakes, tsunami etc. Necessary preparations to combat them
can be made well in advance. We can study global warming, predict
availability of natural resources like water.
` 3. Health
Care Industry :
Today,
we see that people have become health
conscious. The smart watches, other wearable, health apps in our phone
keep on collecting data. We
can say that they are our own mini biomedical research devices. They
detect our heart rate, monitor the patient’s sleep pattern, keep a record
of his exercise, the distance walked etc. The analysis of this data
collected can give new insights and provide a personalized,
individual feedback to each and every person.
Nowadays we
have gadgets to monitor blood sugar, blood pressure etc. at home; 24
x 7 monitoring can be provided to patients in hospitals too. With the help
of Big Data the doctors can now have better diagnosis of any ailment,(आजार) the
effect of any drug etc. Unnecessary guesswork can be significantly reduced.
Past records of the patients can be maintained and better analysis of the
health can be obtained. Big Data helps in monitoring the outbreaks(उद्रेक
) of epidemics and diseases. Just when you post your message,
‘I’m down with flu’ on What s App or
Face book it will be monitored and the areas affected by ‘flu’ can
be easily located and necessary precautions can be taken.
Pharmaceutical companies would pay huge amount to receive the health data
of people to promote research in the particular area.
With
the help of the data gathered, individuals are often given suggestions and
solutions for the problems they are encountering.
: 4. Banking, Finance and Trading :
With the Big Data analytics, the investment patterns of the
people can be studied. New insights have enabled the banks and finance
companies to come with suitable plans. Big Data has enabled smooth
functioning of these agencies and institutions.
Banking and finance sector is using Big Data to predict and
prevent cyber crimes, card fraud detection, archival of audit trails, etc.
By analyzing the past data of their customers and the data on previous
brute force attacks (a cyber
attack that relies on guessing all possible combinations of a
targeted password untill the right one is found)banks can
predict future attempts. Big Data not only helps in
predicting(भाकीत) cyber crimes, but it also
helps in handling issues related to mised-transactions (:
wrong Transactions) and failures in net banking. It can even
predict possible spikes(आघात) on
servers so that banks can manage transactions (an
exchange or transfer of funds )accordingly. The
Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) is using Big Data to monitor
financial markets for possible illegal trades and suspicious activities.
The SEC is using network analytics and natural language processors to
identify possible frauds in the financial markets.
High-Frequency Trading (HFT) is an area where Big Data finds
a lot of use today. Here, Big Data algorithmsare used to make trading
decisions. Today, the majority of equity trading now takes place via data
algorithms that increasingly take into account signals from social media
networks and news websites to make, buy and sell decisions in split
seconds(काही क्षणात).
5. Sports :
When watching a cricket match, we are
shown so many permutations and combinations of statistical analysis. A
gigantic data has been created over a period of time from the recording of
matches, training sessions and workouts.
The data enables a sportsperson to study
his performance as well as of the other players worldwide. It has
tremendously helped in improving individual as well as team performance. The sensors embedded (जोडलेले) in the
sports equipment help us to understand our game from close quarters. The
sensors help us to understand the field conditions, the weather,
individual performance etc. Video analytics help us to see each
and every performance minutely.
6. Advertising :
Advertisers are one of the biggest players
in Big Data. Be it Facebook, Google, Twitter or any other online giant,
all keep a track of the user behaviour and transactions These internet
giants provide a great deal of data about
people to the advertisers so that they
can run targeted campaigns. Take Facebook, for example,here you can target
people based on buying intent, website visits, interests, job roles,
demographics(लोकसंख्याशासरीय) and what
not.
All this
data is collected by Face book Algorithms(set of rules by computer) using
Big Data analysis techniques. The same goes for Google, when you target
people based on clicks you will get different results and when you create
a campaign for leads then you will get different results. All this
is made possible using Big Data.
7. Entertainment and Media :
In the field of entertainment
and media, Big Data focuses on targeting people with the right content at
the right time. Based on your past views and your behaviour online you
will be shown different recommendations. This technique is
popularly used by Netflix and You tube to
increase engagement and drive more revenues.
Now, even television broadcasters are
looking to segment their viewer’s database and show different advertisements
and shows accordingly. This will allow better revenue from ads and will
provide a more engaging user experience.
8. Education Industry :
Big Data has inundated the education industry.
It has transformed it in leaps and bounds. Now we have information about
the students, their study patterns, and we can now prepare
customized and dynamic(गतिमान) learning programmes according to the need of an individual
student. Every student’s comprehension level is different.
The course material can now be
designed catering to different requirements of the students. Big Data
makes it convenient to understand their choices, their difficulties,
information regarding various courses and their specialties; we also have
an access to the results. From the results we can gauge(मोजमाप) the progress of the students, understand his
strengths and weaknesses.
This will also help in guiding
the student regarding the best career for him based on his mental make-up
and abilities. An in depth
study of all this would definitely give new insights into the education
industry and help in improving the operational effectiveness and working
of educational institutes. This would in general, enhance progress of
all students. Big Data has provided a solution to one of the biggest
pitfalls
(नुकसान) in the education industry, that is one –size- fits- all.
We have innumerable uses of Big
Data. It is helpful in scientific researches, understanding geographical phenomena,
helping in the smooth working of the government machinery etc. It is a
genie in our hands. It lies in our hands to make the optimum (सर्वात
उत्तम) use of it for the benefit of
mankind.
BRAINSTORMING
(A1)
You tube has many videos on various things. Listen to the uses and health
benefits
of 'Lemon' and share them with your friends.
(A2) (i) Make point wise
notes from the lesson regarding the uses of Big Data in
the following application. Do not write complete
sentences.
(a)
Location Tracking -
(1) Get updates
of route
(2) know traffic information
(3) track exact location
(b)
Health Care Industry -
(1) The
smart watches, other wearable, health apps in our phone keep on
collecting data.
(2) monitoring
the outbreaks of
epidemics and diseases.
(3) Faster
diagnosis of diseases ,maintain records of patient
(c)
Education Industry -
(1) have information about the students, their study
patterns,
(2) can gauge the progress of the students, understand
his strengths and weaknesses.
(3) guiding the student regarding the best career for him based
on his mental make-up and abilities
(ii) When you are asked for personal details on social media,
what precautions
will you take? Discuss in pairs and write down.
(iii) Do you think all the data we receive is used for positive
things? If 'No',
make a list of the negative things which can be done with the
help of Big
Data.
(A3) Guess the meaning of the following idioms and phrases and
use them in
sentences of your own.
One-size-fits-all
– suitable for or used in all circumstances
The
wrist watches have adjustable belts, so one- size- fits- all
(a)
‘Once in a blue moon’=very rarely
(b)
‘One man army’=someone can do everything of his own
(c)
‘Once bitten twice shy’=be careful after an experience
(d)
‘One up on’=have a benefit over
(A4) (i) Do as directed.
(a)
Advertisers are one of the biggest players in Big Data.
(1)
Begin the sentence with ‘Very few players are bigger than advertise in Big Data
(2)
Use ‘bigger than’ and rewrite the sentence.
Not
many players are bigger than advertise in Big Data
(b)
No other diagnosis is as good as the diagnosis done with the help of Big
Data.
(1)
Use ‘best’ and rewrite the sentence.
The best diagnosis is done with the help of Big Data.
(2)
Use ‘better than’ and rewrite the sentence.
None of the diagnosis is better than the diagnosis done with the
help of Big Data.
(c)
These internet giants provide the greatest data about people.
(1)
Begin the sentence with ‘No other……..’
(2)
Use ‘greater than’ and rewrite the sentence.
(ii) Read the sentence from the text.
New insights have enabled the banks and finance companies to come
up with
suitable
plans.
This
sentence can be rewritten as 'New insights have enabled the banks as
well
as finance companies to come up with suitable plans'.
Remember,
'as well as' serves the same purpose as that of co-ordinating the
conjunction
'and' in the sentence. When one of them is inserted in the sentence,
other
should be removed.
Use 'as well as', 'either ...... or' in the following sentences.
(a)
Whatever activity we do online is recorded, monitored and
analysed.
Whatever activity we do online is recorded, monitored as well as analysed.
Whatever
activity we do online is either recorded or monitored or analysed.
(b)
Big Data has been useful in identifying and tracking the exact
location
of a place.
Big
Data has been useful in identifying as well as tracking
the exact
location
of a place.
(c)
Weather sensors and satellites help us to understand the weather and
help
in weather forecasting.
=Either Weather
sensors or satellites help us to understand the weather and
help
in weather forecasting
=Weather
sensors as well as satellites help us to understand the weather and
help
in weather forecasting
(d)
Big Data helps in monitoring the outbreaks of epidemics and
diseases.
=Big
Data helps in monitoring the outbreaks of either
epidemics or
diseases.
=Big
Data helps in monitoring the outbreaks of epidemics as well as
diseases.
(e)
New insights have enabled the banks and finance companies to come
up
with suitable plans.
=New
insights have enabled either the banks or finance companies to come
up
with suitable plans
=New
insights have enabled the banks as well as finance
companies to come
up
with suitable plans.
(A5) (i) Interview the students of your class regarding the
career they would like
to pursue and the reason for selecting that particular career.
Collect the
data of your class and analyse the information you have
collected.
(ii) To listen well is as powerful a means of influence as to
talk well and is
essential to all true conversations. Form a group and have a
group
discussion on the topic.
(a)
Social Media - Curse or Boon
(b)
Women Empowerment and Equality
(c)
Climate Change
(A6) Find out job opportunities in the following areas and the
skills required
for them.
(a)
Clinical Data Management (d) Data Operations and Research
(b)
Network Operations (e) Data Entry Operation
(c)
Data Processing
Very nice sir
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