PARTS OF SPEECH

  PARTS OF SPEECH (शब्दांचे  प्रकार )

दैनंदिन व्यवहारातली वाक्यांमधील  शब्दांचे काऱ्यांवरून  वर्गीकरण केले जाते , त्याला शब्दांचे  प्रकार म्हणतात .  

There are eight parts of speech in the English language

1 ) noun,    2) pronoun,  3 )verb,   4) adjective,     5) adverb      6) preposition,  7) conjunction,  and   8) interjection. 

The part of speech indicates how the word functions in meaning as well as grammatically within the sentence.  Understanding parts of speech is essential for determining the correct definition of a word when using the dictionary.

1. NOUN ( नाम )

 (  एखादी वस्तु, व्यक्ति  ,स्थल ,पदार्थ यांचा उलेख करण्यासाठी  वापरतात..

A noun is a word for a person, place, thing, or idea. Nouns are often used with an article (the, a, an), but not always

types of  nouns 

 Proper nouns-   Tanishka  , Bharat , Priya 

common nouns - girl , city ,river 

Material noun- water ,gold , oil 

collective noun-class ,team ,family

Abstract noun- faith, love ,wisdom

   Nouns can be singular or plural, concrete or abstract. . 

1) This is a playground.  

 2) Delhi is the capital of India.

2. PRONOUN (सर्वनाम )

(नामाऐवजी  वापरला जाणारे शब्द )

A pronoun is a word used instead of /in place of a noun.

 I , She.,  we.,  they . it ,my ,his ,he 

 A pronoun is usually substituted for a specific noun, which is called its antecedent. In the sentence above, the antecedent for the pronoun she is the girl.

 Pronouns  type

: 1  ) personal pronouns- -refer to specific persons or things; 

2 ) possessive pronouns--indicate ownership; 

3)  reflexive pronouns - used to emphasize another noun or pronoun;

 4)relative pronouns-- introduce a subordinate clause; and

5 ) demonstrative pronouns-- identify, point to, or refer to nouns.

3. VERB( क्रियापद )

A verb expresses action or being 

(.या   शब्दांमधून क्रिया / कृती  व्यक्त होते )

go  ,open ,jump, am .  is  are , write.,  become ,was ,clean ,

I am a student .

I can write a long poem .

write is the main verb; can is the helping verb.

4. ADJECTIVE ( विशेषण )

नामाबदल  विशेष माहिती सांगणारा शब्द 

An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. 

 Example  -happy  ,yellow  , smart , pretty., blue

 It usually answers the question of which one, what kind, or how man

She is a good girl .( In this sentence good is an adjective which describe about girl)

5. ADVERB ( क्रियविशेषण )

(क्रियेबदल  /विशेषणाबदल  अधिक माहिती सांगणारा शब्द )

An adverb modifies or describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.

gently  ,.quickly ,soon ,happily , clearly ,very  , well

 Adverbs often end in -.......ly.

An adverb usually answers the questions of when, where, how, why,  or to what degree.

6. PREPOSITION ( शब्दयोगी अव्यय )

(दोन शब्दांमधील /नाममधील/सर्वनाममधील   संबंध दर्शवणारा शब्द )

A preposition is a word placed before a noun /  pronoun .

 She jumped into the river .

In the above sentence  into is the preposition  कारण under या शब्दाने  she या सर्वनाम व river  या नाममधील  संबंध दाखवला आहे 

 In,  with  ,by,  after ,before ,into , inside , of,  above,  over, to ,  between,  upon 

7. CONJUNCTION (उभयान्वयी  अव्यय ) 

दोन शब्द किवा  दोन वाक्य जोडणारा शब्द 

A conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses.

so, yet. and, but, or, nor, for, although, because, although, while,  as soon as ,though , although ,so that ,both , either ..... or ,

A conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses,

 Coordinating conjunctions connect grammatically equal elements.  

8. INTERJECTION (केवळ प्रयोगी अव्यय )

(आनंद ,भीती ,दुख , आशचर्य   या  भावना व्यक्त करणारे शब्द  , )

(अरे बापरे  ,अरेरे  ,)

An interjection is a word used to express emotion .It is often followed by an exclamation point. 

Oh ( happiness)

  , Ah (surprise )

 , Wow,    Oops    ,   Alas